History of RedMed and Developments for Sleep Apnea

History of RedMed and Developments for Sleep Apnea ResMed ResMed is a principal developer, manufacturer and distributor of pioneering medical equipment for the administration and treatment of respiratory disorders, with its major focus on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). It was started with a moto to commercialize a treatment for OSA in 1989. It has corporate offices in 26 countries distributing their range of products in around 100 countries throughout the world. History In 1981 Colin Sullivan and his colleagues introduced their invention of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). CPAP was a practical, effective, and dependable treatment for the millions of OSA victims around the world. Dr Peter Farrell who was the Vice-President of RD of Baxter Healthcare and Director of Baxter Centre for Medical Research Pty Limited (BCMR) in early 1980s is an expert in bioengineering area. He sensed tremendous business opportunities of CPAP when he meet Sullivan in an academic conference in 1986, and then CPAP treatment was commercialised by Peter Farrell and Colin Sullivan through BCMR. Three years later, Farrell planned to acquire the rights of certain technology relating to CPAP treatment from BCMR and as a result, ResCare Holdings Limited, which had a $1.2 million registered capital, was registered in Sydney in August 1989. In order to experience a better development, company changed its registration place to Delaware, USA in 1994 and changed its name to ResMed as the original name ResCare was already registered in USA. Through the CPAP technology, the company started gaining success in American medical market and got listed on the NASDAQ (1995) national stock market, New York Stock Exchange and Australian Securities Exchange (1999). As a result of these listings, ResMed became the biggest company in the sleep disordered breathing (SDB) marketplace in late 1999. With the success in SDB marketplace, company paid more attention to do research in newly related areas and in 2000. Clinical research showed that untreated SDB was very likely a pivotal factor in both stroke and cardiovascular diseases. This finding helped ResMed in conducting further research in stroke and congestive heart failure (CHF). The novel outcome of this research has attracted Australian Technology Award for the company in biotechnology area in 2000. Eventually, the company was ranked number I in Medical Products Company according to Investors Business Daily in 2001. Continuing innovation, the company has released a series of updated products between 2003 and 2005. Bubble Mask –Series 3 and Constant CPAP were released in 2003 and the historically significant product S8, which received Australian Design Award in 2006, was introduced in 2005. The extensive product line made company become the largest corporation that focused exclusively on providing therapies for improving the quality of sleep in late 2010. In order to adapt rapidly changing world market, company made changes to its management structure by creating a new strategic business unit. It revised roles in the contemporary commercial, manufacturing, supply and corporate staff sections in 2011. These measures improved the working efficiency and promoted the company to continue as a leader in SDB market. With the victory over the injunctions in Germany against patent infringing behaviours by APEX and BMC in 2013, ResMed finally become a global leader in SDB market and other respiratory disorders. 1.1 Financial results In fiscal year 2013 ended June 30 2013 (FY13), ResMed reported record financial results with an increase in net revenue to US$ 1,514.5 million, an increase of 11% when compared to fiscal year 2012 (FY12). Gross profit increased for FY13 to US$ 940.7 million, from US$ 820.7 million for FY12, an increase of US$ 119.9 million or 15%. ResMed’s net income for FY13 was US$ 307.1 million or US$ 2.10 per diluted share compared to net income of US$ 254.9 million or US$ 1.71 per diluted share for FY12. (http://www.resmed.com/us/en/consumer/news-and-information/news-releases/2013/resmed-quarter-ended-june-2013-financial-results.html) In more recent quarterly financial result ended March 31 2014, net revenue for the quarter was US$ 397.8 million, a 4 percent increase over the quarter ended March 31, 2013. ResMed’s Gross profit increased for the quarter to US$ 251.8 million, from US$ 239.4 million for the same quarter of last year, an increase of US$ 12.4 million or 5%. Net income was US$ 90.0 million, an increase of 6 percent compared to the same quarter of last year. Diluted earnings per share for the quarter were US$ 0.63, an increase of 9 percent compared to the same quarter of last year. (http://www.resmed.com/us/en/consumer/news-and-information/news-releases/2014/resmed-financial-results-quarter-ended-march-31-2014.html) Graph 1.1 Income statement evolution of ResMed from 2008 (Source from: http://www.zonebourse.com) The graph shows ResMed’s healthy financial growth in recent years and actively estimates a steady and consistent development of ResMed in the following several years. 1.2 Share price on stock market (ASX) Graph 1.2 ResMed’s share price fluctuation on ASX (Data source from: http://www.asx.com.au) The share price of ResMed on ASX fluctuated frequently within most recent one year, while it continues increasing from ~2.50 to ~5.50 since 2012. According to analysts’ report, the increase was majorly due to: Huge potential in SDB market: both patients and physicians are coming to realize high prevalence of SDB, and ResMed are expected to broaden its foothold in the market of SDB treatment. Increased focus on international market: In last quarter of FY14, revenue outside the Americas was $181.6 million, an increase of 8 percent over the prior years quarter, which represents ResMed’s big success on international market. And in most recent years, Europe witnessed ResMed’s international outperformance. Strong emphasis on product development: earlier in this fiscal, AirFit P10, latest nasal pillows system from ResMed, was introduced in line with its product innovation plan. The company also expects to launch two additional masks in the course of the remaining FY14. Strong return to shareholders: ResMed continues rewarding its shareholders via share repurchase programs and dividends. During last quarter, the company repurchased 1.6 million shares at a cost of $72.5 million, as part of its ongoing capital management program. (FreeZacksReport.pdf) (http://www.resmed.com/us/en/consumer/news-and-information/news-releases/2014/resmed-financial-results-quarter-ended-march-31-2014.html) 1.3 Investment in RD ResMed is committed to ongoing investment in RD and product enhancements. During FY13, they invested approximately US$120.1 million on research and development activities, which represents approximately 8% of net revenues. (http://www.resmed.com/us/en/consumer/news-and-information/news-releases/2013/resmed-quarter-ended-june-2013-financial-results.html) Furthermore, in quarterly financial result ended March 31 2014, RD expenses of ResMed were US$31.4 million for the quarter, or 7.6% of revenue. RD expenses increased by 12% compared to the quarter ended June 30, 2012. Such RD investment was even favorably impacted by the depreciation of the Australian dollar against the U.S. Dollar. (http://www.resmed.com/us/en/consumer/news-and-information/news-releases/2014/resmed-financial-results-quarter-ended-march-31-2014.html) Graph 1.3 The change of ratio of ResMed’s RD expenses to total operating expenses (Data source from: http://www.resmed.com) Business model ResMed is regarded a leader company in developing, manufacturing, and distributing the medical device for treating sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and other respiratory disorders. In spite of this, ResMed is highly competed with various companies in its principal markets, the US and Europe. ResMed’s fierce competitors may include Respironics, DeVilbiss, and Nellcor Puritan Bennett. ResMed relies on its four strategies below to compete with them. Continue Product Development and Innovation ResMed believes that the important competitive factors in all of the markets are product features, reliability and price, hence, ResMed continues product development and innovation. Since 1999, ResMed has started to develop the design of products and create additional accessories in oder to satisfy customers with the use of products. ResMed has not stopped making efforts on product development and innovation until now. Accordingly, approximately 12% of ResMed’s employees are assigned to work on product development and innovation. In addition, ResMed recently spent about $AU 25 million to the University of Sydney with a strong corporate partnership. The University of Sydney will help in the research of SDB-related chronic disease and bioinformatics. 2) Expand Geographic presence One of the strategies aims to develop market is expand geographic presence. ResMed markets its products in over 70 countries. ResMed sells their products by several approaches such as distribution network, direct sales force and independent manufacturers’ representatives. ResMed fills out its distribution network by acquisitions. For example, ResMed recently acquired Mediserv and Unimedis, which both are distributors of equipment for the treatment of SDB and respiratory disorders. These acquisitions help ResMed increase market opportunities and enhance the distribution of products in Europe. Similarly, ResMed had acquired some companies in the US to develop market and strengthen its competitiveness in local. This may suggest that ResMed expands the scope of market to increase the revenues by acquisitions. Despite ResMed’s frequent actions of acquisitions, ResMed decides to acquire which company for marketing their products based on regional awareness of SDB, physician r eferral patterns, consumer preferences and local reimbursement policies. Currently, ResMed has wholly owned subsidiaries in Australia, the UK, the US, Germany, France, Spain, Finland and Sweden. 3) Increase Public and Clinic Awareness ResMed expects the SDB market will grow up by increasing the awareness of the SDB among the general population and physicals because sleep clinics, home health care dealer and the third party who sells the products to patients are the primary customers. In addition, ResMed tends to deliver the knowledge and information of SDB to the interest groups or organisations such as the National Stroke Association, the American Heart Association and the National Sleep Foundation, which may help to spread the awareness of SDB in relation to other diseases and the importance of SDB. 4) Expand into New Clinical Applications ResMed is also seeking the potential applications of their technology. For example, the recent studies show that SDB has been confirmed as a cause of high blood pressure or relevant disease and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with both stroke and congestive heart failure. Followed by the more studies in medical journals, ResMed has more market opportunities of developing the new applications. Basically, ResMed pursues things to be simple and adopt the low-risk strategy by staying at the areas of their expertise. ResMed is in a strong competitive market, in which the consolidation is a trend inducing ResMed implemented the strategy of acquisition to maintain their competitiveness and broaden the scope of market. In order to seek more market opportunities and enhance reputation, ResMed puts a great effort on product development and innovation as well as increasing public and clinic awareness of SDB.

How does reflect through history, invention, society and the Arts? Essay

The unifying theme of this period is colonialism and emerging trends. This was the time where Napoleon Bonaparte gained so much power and recognition throughout the world whereas he was feared by men. In relation to invention, there were new great inventors like Alesssandro Volta for the battery, Jacquard Loom for calculator/computer, and Oliver Evans for the refrigerator. During this era, artists like Ludwig van Beethoven, Theodore Gericault, Alans Wordsworth and Jane Austen became famous. Their works are still known until today. A neoclassical architectural style also existed in this period. The Cathedral of Vilnius, conceptualized and put into existence by Laurynas Gucevicius, is an example. Neoclassical Architecture has some features that are the same with the Late Baroque architecture. However, its emphasis is its planar qualities, rather than sculptural volumes. Projections and recessions and their effects of light and shade are flatter; sculptural bas-reliefs are flatter and tend to be enframed in friezes, tablets or panels. Its clearly articulated individual features are isolated rather than interpenetrating, autonomous and complete in themselves. International neoclassical architecture was exemplified in Karl Friedrich Schinkel’s buildings, especially the Old Museum in Berlin, Sir John Soane’s Bank of England in London and the newly built White House and Capitol in Washington, DC in the United States. The Scots architect Charles Cameron created palatial Italianate interiors for the German-born Catherine II the Great in St. Petersburg. 2. In the early 1800’s, Australia was still a young colony. Who were the major Australian artistic figures of this period? (You might mention architects, writer, painters or musicians and their works. ) One of the major artistic figures in Australia during 1800s who gained recognition in this era was Norman Lindsay. He was the principal cartoonist of the Bulletin magazine. He was also one of the people who advocated their right to paint the nude. He also wrote novels but his major work consisted of pen drawings, etchings, watercolours and oil paintings, all of which are well represented at ‘Springwood’ (the Norman Lindsay Gallery & Museum). He also illustrated the cover for the seminal Henry Lawson book, â€Å"While the Billy Boils†. In the field of writing or literature, Henry Lawson was one of the major writers and poets during this period. Many believe he was the first poet to capture the Australian way of life. His works are still known and an inspiration to Australians. In architecture, Francis Howard Greenway was one of the major artistic figures. His work includes Hyde Park Barracks (1817-19), St Luke’s, Liverpool (1817-24), St James’s, Sydney (1819-22), St Matthew’s, Windsor (1819-22) and other extant buildings are now popularly appreciated as the foundations of Australian architecture. His picturesque Gothic buildings, on the other hand, are mostly long demolished and his ‘Turnpike Gate at Sydney with Gothic Lodge and Offices’ (1819-20), his designs for Sydney’s Anglican and Catholic cathedrals (the former never built, the latter much modified before its erection), even his (extant) Government House stables, have played little part in the creation of the Greenway architectural persona. References http://www. abc. net. au/schoolstv/australians/lawson. htm http://normanlindsay. com. au/normanlindsay/aboutnormanlindsay. php http://daao. org. au/main/read/2926 http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Neoclassical_architecture#Characteristics

The Patriot Act Free Essay Example, 1000 words

This analytical research paper will throw light upon the Patriot Act in general while highlighting its strengths as well as weaknesses. The Patriot Act can be evaluated in the light of â€Å"necessity, productivity and oversight† (Strickland), concepts that can dig into the foundations of the Act. III. Commenting on Section 202: Enhanced penalties to the federal Computer Fraud and Abuse Act A. Although not directly relevant to the war on terrorism, this section has been proved to be extremely useful in launching war against computer-related and e-crimes. Hence, it’s both logical and helpful and thus has earned itself the right to stand where it does in the Patriot Act. IV. Commenting on Section 203: Sharing of law enforcement information with intelligence officials A. This provision has again proved to be quite helpful and rational in gathering adequate â€Å"law enforcement information† on grounds of â€Å"probable cause of criminal action†. B. However, YES the information must NOT be provided to the law-enforcing agencies and other linked authorities simply because it is â€Å"required†. This is because, this reasoning clearly lacks proof and necessity and instead causes undue suspicion associated with the risk factors. We will write a custom essay sample on The Patriot Act or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Due to lack of established ground for conducting an intelligence activity with the absence of â€Å"probable cause† also generates public opposition, which can prove detrimental to the cause of the Act rather than assisting the government in running security checks. C. However, with slight reasonable modifications, this section can be made appealing to the masses and less threatening to the public and thus effectively waging a war against terrorism. V. Commenting on Section 207: Extension of duration of FISA electronic surveillance and physical search orders A. This provision directly impacts the efforts against terrorism and has done so quite positively. Implemented and used only with the approval of an appointed federal judge, this provision has resulted in substantial time saving. VI. Commenting on Section 215: Broadened authority to seek intelligence court orders for information A. This is by far the MOST controversial provisions put forth in the Patriot Act and thus has been the major bone of contention among the polarized public of America. According to the opponents of the Patriot Act, this provision in the Act openly and courageously violates civil liberties and hence threatens the security of the public at large. This is because with this aid of this provision, government and other intelligence agencies can now intrude upon all â€Å"tangible things† of the American individuals in the name of war against terrorism, without their consent or their knowledge of the same.

Womens Suffrage Essay - 3961 Words

Womens Suffrage At the turn of the twentieth century, the ideal British woman in Great Britain was to maintain a demure manner, a composed faà §ade. A delicate disposition with a distain for all things violent and vulgar. However, by this point in time, an increasing number of women were becoming ever more frustrated with their suppressed position in society. Women eventually went to extreme, militant measures to gain rights, especially to gain women the right to vote. Although this controversy in the short term could perhaps be seen to delay the implementation of women’s suffrage, combined with the rest of their campaigning, the respect they received during World War 1 and the political situation†¦show more content†¦Later, in 1897, led by Millicent Garrett Fawcett, the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies was set up. The NUWSS restricted itself to peaceful methods. Their morals and beliefs were to change other aspects of women’s lives- in education and soc ial status- then gain the vote once these other targets had been achieved. In 1906 one of the first major attempts for the enfranchisement of women was undertaken .A gathering of more than 300 women, representing more than 125,000 suffragists nationwide, reasoned for women’s suffrage with Prime Minister Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman. He did not disagree with the delegations argument, but â€Å" was obliged to add that he proposed to do nothing at all about it†. Although he urged women to â€Å" Keep on pestering†. As well as arguing with politicians to get their cause heard, women had devised many other forms of persuasion. They used law abiding tactics and started a massive campaign supporting the Liberal Party to get into power. Although the suffragists knew that all the political parties were doubtful about votes for women, they felt that the Liberals were most likely to grant them suffrage. The Liberals were the radicals of the time, believing in equality for all (hopefully including women).Some Liberals hoped that by giving women the vote the party would gain more votes in the future.Show MoreRelatedWomens Suffrage in Britain1401 Words   |  6 Pages Women’s Suffrage in Britain Social change in Britain has been achieved primarily through the hard work of organized political groups. These groups created events to recruit and educate supporters of social equality to join them in fighting for progress. The Women’s Suffrage Movement between 1866 and 1928 in Britain is no exception to this trend. The reason for the great efficacy of these political groups, including the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies and the Women’s Social and PoliticalRead MoreThe Women’s Suffrage Movement Essay1362 Words   |  6 PagesStarting in 1776 with a letter from Abigail Adams to her husband, the movement for Women’s suffrage lasted a superfluous amount of time. Mrs. Adam’s request for the President to â€Å"remember the ladies† set in motion a whole movement that would revolutionize the United States of America. A movement that set forth rights that the women of today take for granted. The women’s suffrage movement began in the mid-nineteenth century. Women began discussing the problems they faced in society and the differentRead MoreWilson’s Opinion on Women’s Suffrage1227 Words   |  5 PagesWomen’s suffrage was a huge controversy in the 1920s. Many women wanted the right to vote and their voice to be heard. This was the time where the flappers were in action. Women were loud, bold, and daring. All they needed was equal rights; they wanted equal pay, and mainly voting rights. During this time, President Wilson was in office. Wilson won the presidential election due to his view on women’s suffrage; he was completely against it. (President Woodrow Wilson Picketed by women SuffragistsRead MoreWomens Suffrage Movement Essay1559 Words   |  7 PagesFrom the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 to Betty Friedman and her bestselling book, The Feminine Mystique, the women’s suffrage movement advocated for equality between men and women. Throughout the years, there were many women that fought for the rights they have today. Susan B. Anthony along with a colleague formed the National Woman Suffrage Association that served to gain women the right to vote. In 1920, women were granted the right to vote by the 19th amendment of the constitution. At thisRead MoreEssay about Womens Suffrage1075 Words   |  5 Pagesworthy cause, many did not agree with these women’s radical views. These conservative thinkers caused a great road-block on the way to enfranchisement. Most of them were men, who were set in their thoughts about women’s roles, who couldn’t understand why a woman would deserve to vote, let alone want to vote. 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This is an historical event that is of significance to New Zealanders when the bill was passed and continues to impact New Zealanders now. Prior to 1893 there were many issues which women faced that significantly impacted the quality of their lives and their families, especially their children. As a result of industrialism in New Zealand families wereRead MoreEssay on Womens Suffrage Movement in The Bahamas659 Words   |  3 PagesMcphee History Coursework Question 1(A) What role did the Women’s Suffrage Movement Play during the â€Å"Quiet Revolution† in the Bahamas? Notable women such as Dame Doris Johnson, Mary Ingraham, Eugenia Lockhart, Mabel Walker and Georgianna Symonette has made countless triumphs toward the equal rights of all women in the Bahamas. In particular all of these women mentioned before were major persons in the Women’s Suffrage Movement in the Bahamas. This movement’s main purpose was to ensureRead MoreWomen’s Suffrage Movement in America Essay2480 Words   |  10 Pagessense that a man who might not even read up on the issues at hand during voting time would be able to give an opinion, but a woman who is educated, passionate, and worldly would have been turned away. In such a male dominated world at the time of the suffrage movement these woman who started it all must have been strong willed and passionate about their cause, and I feel like I just need to know more. There is so much information I want to ascertain while conducting my research for this paper. First

PED in Sports Essay - 1644 Words

PED in Sports Performance enhancing drugs have been a longstanding problem in sports. It not only deteriorates the honesty of the game, but also can have broader social affects that one may not even realize. The use of performance enhancing drugs is especially apparent in Major League Baseball. This problem can be traced back to the 1980’s when baseball was facing one of its first â€Å"dark periods†. During the 1980’s Major League Baseball was experiencing a home run drought. Home run totals were down as far as they had been since Babe Ruth, and fans were seemingly becoming bored with the sport. The lack of home runs was a growing concern for players whose salary relied on home run totals. Players needed to find a quick way to boost their†¦show more content†¦Each drug gives its own advantage to the consumer. These performance enhancing drugs benefit the consumer by increasing strength and helping the athlete get through a long season. Human Growth Hor mone increases testosterone levels, Creatine helps muscles release energy more quickly, and Androstenedione allows athletes to train harder and recover quicker from strenuous workouts. Alan M. Nathan, a researcher at the University of Illinois, tests illegal substances and collects other research on sport sciences. Nathan claims his research has found that â€Å"performance enhancing drugs increase muscle mass by 10 percent and this increased muscle mass results in higher bat speed and longer fly balls† . Nathan also says, â€Å"[that] steroid use can be linked to home run percentage† . This can explain why performance enhancing drugs is so appealing to professional athletes in Major League Baseball. Steroids are linked to home run percentage and home run percentage is linked to salary. The proof of the amount of influence professional athletes have over younger athletes in America is in the research. Hua Lv, a researcher at the University of Miami, conducted a survey in 2007 of high school male adolescents that revealed a shocking truth. Lv proposed a three-fold plan survey that would examine how the youth of America is actually affected by the use of steroids in Major League Baseball. TheShow MoreRelatedPed in Sports1082 Words   |  5 Pagesoxygen-carrying capacity. Despite these apparent benefits, the use of such drugs is considered both competitively unethical and medically dangerous. Most performance-enhancing drugs are outlawed by organizations that govern major amateur and professional sports. II Purpose The use of substances to improve athletic performance is not a new phenomenon. There are stories dating back thousands of years regarding athletes using drugs in quest of an advantage. Historic writings refer to competitors ingestingRead MorePreventing PEDs in Professional Sports Essay1198 Words   |  5 PagesThe use of performance enhancing drugs (PEDs) among athletes in professional sports has caused an outrage all around the world for many years. The use of PEDs not only affects the athlete that chooses to use them, but also the athletes they are competing against, other teams, and the team or country they are representing (â€Å"Survey Reveals†). It is important for athletes to maintain a good reputation in competition, because they need to represent their team in a positive manner and not create suspicionRead MoreAthletes Who Are Caught Using Peds Be Allowed For Sports?908 Words   |  4 PagesLet us take a moment to understand we are all human beings capable of making mistakes, so the answer to the first question should athletes who are caught using PEDs be allowed to return to sports? Absolutely! Maybe not the same organization, team, etc. but to permanently ban someone from a specific sport is hasty. However, there are exclusions for every rule and if he/she becomes a threat to the league as a whole or a repeat offender, then that is when it should be put up for consideration. I doRead MoreShould Sports Enhan cing Drugs Or Peds Should Be Allowed? Professional Sports?1608 Words   |  7 PagesRJ Cordeiro Ingrid Fellows NS4 Fall 11/4/15 Clean or Not? Whether or not Performing enhancing drugs or PEDs should be allowed in professional sports is one of the most widely discussed topics amongst fans and league officials. It brings a lot of controversy as well as a lot of upside. Many people argue that there is an unfair advantage amongst â€Å"clean† athletes while others say that there are many health benefits given to the athletes taking these drugs. As most things in our society, thereRead MoreThe Issue Of Performance Enhancing Drugs1453 Words   |  6 Pages2015 PEDs: Are they Really Unfair? The issue of performance enhancing drugs (PEDs) has been among the most controversial in the sports world. A number of high profile athletes from Barry Bonds to Lance Armstrong have seen their reputations tarnished as a result of their use of these substances. Even the US Congress has held a number of high profile hearings on the subject to rid professional sports of their usage. In the sports world, it is almost assumed that sports are better when PEDs are removedRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs Should Not Be Legalized1129 Words   |  5 Pagesperformance enhancing drugs (PEDs) should be legalized has sparked a heated debate. However, the use of PEDs is morally wrong and it should be banned in sports. This essay will demonstrate three main points which explain the reasons why these drugs should be banned. Firstly, it is unfair on the athletes who do not use drugs to allow the use of PEDs in sports. Secondly, the behavior of using drugs in sports violates the spirit of sport. Finally, there are some health risks on using PEDs. This essay will alsoRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs Should Be Legal1384 Words   |  6 Pagesin professional sports. Professional athletes would not be given free reign of all the PEDs available in the world, but rather a new set of rules would be issued. The rules would allow athletes to meet or exceed their maximum abilities as humans while making it safer than the modern state. If made legal the potential results of PEDs would be tested and altered appropriately to create the safest, most impactful drugs; however, in the current situation professional athletes buy PEDs from sellers withoutRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs In Sports Essay1574 Words   |  7 PagesPerformance enhancing drugs should be eliminated from all sports because they create an unfair competitive advantage. I am against the use of Performance Enhancing Drugs in sports because it is a worldwide problem that takes the integrity out of the game. There are so many people involved from trainers, players and coaches. In the past athletes played for love of the game, today however, the players have so much more at stake then just being able to play the game because they love it. AthletesRead MoreShould Peds Persist Illegal For Athletes?1220 Words   |  5 PagesShould PEDs Persist Illegal for Athletes? Who could spare a day not doing any sort of sports? Throughout the years sports have been taking much place in people’s lives. Physical activity is an action which requires an individual’s efforts and own sweat. Of course, the efforts should ward off any drug involvement, especially in the sports field. Using performance enhancing drugs has extended and become a wide-spread phenomenon in many fields of sports. Using PEDs is one of the issues thatRead MorePerformance Enhancement Drugs For American Sports1493 Words   |  6 Pagesissue of performance-enhancement drugs in American sports today brings about an image that all performance drugs are unhealthy. However, not all performance enhancement drugs are hurtful. The real issue of performance drugs is medical need versus physical want. Moreover, performance-enhancement drugs should still be allowed but with restrictions. The first issue of performance-enhancement drugs (PED) and probably the most recognized PEDs are the use of anabolic steroids.†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦anabolic steroids

The First Step in Nation Free Essays

string(45) " some did vote and held political positions\." Packed in Mt. Zion A. M. We will write a custom essay sample on The First Step in Nation or any similar topic only for you Order Now E. Church, a number of black women had gathered to hear Mary Church Terrell talk about ‘the modern women’. Oblivious of the heat and the perspiration which thoroughly soaked their dresses, the women were eager to hear what Mary Church Terrell as an educator and first president of the National Association of Coloured women had to say. The women were not disappointed, as Terrell looked like the ‘modern woman’ she was telling about. Her graceful walk and speaking captivated the crowd. She talked about educating less fortunate black women, organizing themselves and improving their communities. The representatives of different clubs had joined hands to organize the National Association of Coloured women in order to put forward a formal protest against an insulting letter written by the white president of the Missouri Press Association, James Jacks. Terrell went on to talk about Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, and other women who had worked for the race, making such a permanent impression on the women, that they were ready to follow the footsteps of their ancestors. One of the women who heard this speech was Fields, a teacher already active in community work. She was a member of Charleston City Federation of women’s club, which specialized in homemaking, helping the disadvantaged, raising funds to help wayward black girls and improving the conditions. She also helped to set up the Priscilla club which served the impoverished black areas, building homes, setting up a United Service Organization for black soldiers during the World War I and later on urging the city officials to hire black teachers. All over the country, black women were helping to shape, mold and direct the thought of their race, in time for an organized female resistance movement. The members of the National Association of Coloured women (NACW) set to solving interlocking problems involving race, gender and poverty. According to them, the problems of a race could be solved by solving the problems of its women. A story reported sixteen years before Terrell’s speech explains why that period in African- American history is known as Nadir. According to it, a 12- year old black boy narrowly escaped from being lynched by a mob of white boys, all of them in their early teenage years. As an editor of Richmond Planet, a black weekly, ‘lynching was demoralizing to young and old equally and the children did what they saw the adults doing. ’ The time from 1880 to 1930 was the most savage and demoralizing time for the black people. Lynching was a common practice and was often performed as a ritual. African- American’s loss of civil values was just one of the manifestations of the white lawlessness. Blacks were separated from whites in public, schools and related things. Black people dealt with the racism by forming their own institutions and retreated into them. The institution which thrived the most during this period was the Church. The Church became a ground for political discussions and position of power and leadership. Societies were formed by the Church or were joined with it, due to which they got a central position in black social, political and economic life. During this time of retrenchment, black women clubs rose to importance and formed sister clubs all over the country. By the time the NACW brought them together, the number was too high to keep count of. The clubs worked on one principle which was ‘self-help’. They focused on educating mothers and improving the home life. Mother clubs were formed which focused on teaching mothers about home life, educating their children, and protecting their neighborhoods. Women clubs raised money to buy lands on which they made parks, schools, colleges, libraries and hospitals. They also worked on helping black women migrate from rural areas to urban by getting them settled down in their new surroundings, which were often hostile and dangerous. Educational courses were also offered. With time the work became so much that the local federations encouraged clubs to coordinate and take bigger projects then what a single club could have not possibly handled. With time more and more clubs came under NACW, making the structure more complex and projects undertaken more sophisticated. Different departments were formed which kept on increasing with time and the projects undertaken. The philosophy behind the women clubs enabled the women to take action when at one time such was completely unthought-of. Women organization was the first step in nation making according to one of the early presidents of NACW, Josephine Silone Yates. This banding together of the black women was showing the rest of the race a way to move forward, out of the shadows of the past and a way to facing the challenges of the new era. Even with the success of the women clubs, lynching, racism, disfranchisement, race riots were still in power. An editorial in ‘women’s era’ asked the weak and timid men to step aside and let the women take charge. Women thought that the black men were more a part of the problem, claiming that the men had sold their votes for a mess of pottage. , which was something that a black woman would never do. Leaders like Anna Julia Cooper believed that black women could make a lot more headway as compared to men when it came to race problems. Association leaders thought that women would be far more suited for issues related to social welfare then men, due to their moral, nurturing and selfless nature. Cooper’s sense of confidence was nourished by the sense of equality with the black men. While whites had set their differences between men and women, blacks had no such issues. During slavery, black men and women had equal status, had endured incredible hardships along with men, due to which both sex had equal footing in matter of equality. Racism severely limited the lives of black men though some did vote and held political positions. You read "The First Step in Nation" in category "Papers" The fact that black men held a larger area then women was completely insignificant, for women who proclaimed that it was the ‘women era’. Club women didn’t compare the positions held by the men with their positions. They only thought about their goal which was the abolition of racism. Some scholars argued the differences of goals of the black women from the white. The implications of the respective goals of white and black were different because of the difference of context of black and white women’s efforts were different. The end of 19th century was good for the black people, not only because the blacks were responding to the new industrial environment but also to racism repression. Black men at this time were heavily targeted leaving behind the women to deal with the pressures of life. From it became clear that the black women were handling far more burdens then their white counterparts. Also it became clear that the black women thought that the white women were also a part of the problem. Till now the black women were considered inferior clubwomen, but now they demanded equality. Black women thought that white women would be able to play a vital role in finishing racism, lynching and their effects. But the women were soon sourly disappointed as they found out that white women had the same thoughts as their men, and when they tried to set themselves apart, they became a burden which the black women had been carrying for so long. Other then a few white women organizations, the rest of the organizations were clearly ‘anti-black’. When friendly organizations asked black women to speak, they asked the crowd to support the black women. The all-white General federation of women’s clubs (GFWC) was openly hostile and in one of their newsletters wrote an offensive story about a marriage between a black and a white. This story was like a warning against inviting black women to white women clubs. This story also indirectly told the blacks that they would always be inferior to the whites due to the ‘invisible drop’ of black blood in their veins, no matter how much they got educated or learned, traveled or had talents. Even if these actions hurt the black women, they didn’t let it discourage them from their goal. The first step to nation building was NACW’s belief that the progress of the race was marked by the progress of its women. Even the black Nationalist Martin Delany couldn’t speak about black problems because he knew nothing about the hard working men and women from the south. The position of women became strong in this case as women were the centre of the community and knew the feeling of oppression, both as a woman and as a black. When a black woman spoke, she spoke the voice of the masses, and when the black women were free, the entire black race would be free. Not only the women believed it, the black men also soon took to the notion of women leading their race. A book named ‘noted negro women’ was also written which told about the achievements of black women and the progress of Negros since slavery. Now that men and women were thinking alike, the only issue which also became a hot topic of discussion in club meetings was how women would lead the race. According to Alice White, a clubwoman from Montgomery, if thee home was at peace, then the women were in power. If homes were pure and teachings were pure, then from these homes, people with strong intellect, morals and religion would come. Others thought that woman should assume wide- ranging roles which would help the community. No one argued that home was the first battle ground or what NACW was doing for the community. Addie Dickerson believed that homes were the building blocks of a nation and if they were strong enough then the nation would be strong as well. She also believed that women had to fight against Jim Crow and join hands with both races to improve the economic conditions of black women who were working out of their homes. Women also insisted that women should vote so that they could have political rights which could help in the reforming. Cooper argued that the time had come for women’s personal independence, moral and intellectual development, political activity, and a voice of her own. These philosophies influenced the ideological discussion which was taking place between the club leaders. All women agreed to strengthen the foundation of their homes. But some wanted more, the ones who approved to suffrage and activism. The debate over this issue increased the differences between Washington and Du Boris. No matter how different the ideas or opinions of the people were, they had the same base. They had suffered humiliating experiences, rejected from clubs and moreover, they all believed that women would save the day. Black women also thought that they would stay above part politics unlike men, who were ineffective in dealing with race issues. Terrell thought that the worst a black woman could do was to bring a corrupt politician in the association, and also that it was important that women protested against the system which took away their rights. For NACW, unity didn’t come naturally. On same issues, the clubs put their best efforts to stick together. Clubwomen wanted to prove to the world that their image about black women was wrong. Black women are able to voice their concerns, their problems. When making a case, the women saw their differences and realized that not all black women could meet their standards. Also the clubwomen argued that the entire race was not equal, just as whites have their immoral class, lacks also have one. These women also questioned themselves as to why did the white people judge them only for their bad points? Club women wanted to end discrimination and wanted it to be marked their own success. NACW had already taken first step in nation building by helping others just as they help themselves. The very existence of NACW mean that black women had a defender with a national voice. The records of the club were impressive and at the end of the century it proposed a very bold plan. At the time when white women were choosing between careers or homes, NACW announced that black women will do what men do, as well as what a woman will do. Convinced that black issues were same, they spoke publicly against black men and oppression. Also they didn’t feel that their feminism would tear apart the movement into camps. The club members only saw wisdom in their approach towards black poverty, same as they saw only congruity in their race and gender. Before he even penned down the term, both conservative and activists accepted Du Boris’s philosophy. Clubwomen unlike the more modern black women leaders didn’t hesitate to represent the lower class. These women were proud of their work because they felt it was their duty to talk to them. Where all the NACW women were proud of their achievements, the also had a reason for dread. They couldn’t forever keep ignoring the differences which separated them, for some issues were too serious, too pivotal to the future of black people. The most serious issue was that the race might not raise higher then its women. Many questions rose. Will the whites accept the association? What would happen if the status didn’t rise high? What if the programs didn’t benefit the black women? In the end it was concluded that the ideology did justice to female black activism, but if it failed the entire blame would come on the women. Twentieth century progressed and with it progressed the idea that challenges would be met by more competent women who had more knowledge and experience then the women of 1896, who were sure that would change the world history. Work Cited African Americans. (n. d. ). National Association of Colored Women’s Clubs, Inc. October 12, 2008. http://www. africanamericans. com/NationalAsscofColoredWomen How to cite The First Step in Nation, Papers

Leading Organizational Change and Development †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Leading Organizational Change and Development. Answer: Introduction: The article is about organisational change and development which discusses about the shift or the change management from the concept of change to the individuals who have to face the impact of the change as a driver of work behaviour. This article tries to explain the condition of the management of change and people facing a particular change. There are three most powerful drivers of work and work related behaviour namely purpose, identity and mastery. The level of a persons ability to manage himself/herself makes him or her the master of achievement. The alignment and application of concepts of leadership, management, employee employment should be optimal enough to manage change. The article helps in throwing light on the different concepts behind change management. Each of these levels of change involves personal, professional as well as organisational change. The article is relevant in the sense that it is in line with the present changing nature of a persons life as well as that of organisations. Some might consider the article to be insufficient, because newer and better developmental rules have not been discussed making it a bit inconsequential. More and more examples could have been included in the article to make it all the more explanatory and clear. Bibliography: Moran, J. W., Brightman, B. K. (2000). Leading organizational change.Journal of Workplace Learning,12(2), 66-74.